Yeah, the weapon damage is definitely not being calculated properly, Larian confirmed that is some kind of bug.
Rangers are worthless against the undead because they do 1-3 piercing damage (which the undead resist) and the Undead have 80-100+ HP.
I agree that Winterbreath and Phoenix Dive do too much damage - it's most obvious with your hirelings who start out with those at level 3 even though you can't learn them yourselves until later.
You can display how much Health enemies have with points into the Loremaster Ability.