Thx for the answers.

In my Test they also dissapear when you have not escaped yet. My guess would be that there is a real time timer starting when you are entering some part of fort joy magister side (Prisions, Main Floor, Quaters on the 2. Floor,..)
I tried to browse through the game files with the modding tool, i found an entry that looked like this timer, but i couldn't find any "Starts".