Update: The problems seems to be limited to Exported Characters; If I remake a character from the same creature, give it the same Skills & Talents as my previously Exported Character, the new one will work just fine. This holds true if I save the newly made character as an Exported Character and put another copy of it into the game.
Old Exported Characters will not work, however. I also cannot simply put the Exported Character into the game and make a new Exported Character from it with a new name - the problem remains. I'll simply have to redo all of my Exported Characters.
I also sent a PM.