I don't think it can, no. At some level it's possible, but ultimately my opinion is that games need at least some degree of fine-tuning and tweaking to properly adapt them to the relevant gameplay style. Trying to go for a "one size fits all" solution involves too much compromise and will frustrate some if not all players.
As a habitual modder, that's one of the most obvious examples right there. Mods don't generally translate well into coop and are typically outright banned from larger-scale MP, but as someone who plays entirely SP games and who enjoys modding them, mods aren't a problem for me but their absence can be. Same thing with lots of other factors too.
Some games manage to be less bad at catering for multiple audiences than others, but IMHO trying to properly engage multiple groups probably involves more effort and luck than accepting from the outset that exactly the same game isn't going to cater for both and working on two separate branches instead. There's probably not that much that has to change between them, but my observation is the industry's current habit of trying to hammer various square and triangular pegs into a round hole hasn't been a resounding success.
