I haven't tried it out much, because it's a waste of a spell slot in the early game and by the time you find the amulet, there aren't many people left to use it on, but I did get one interesting result from it yesterday: it did nothing on Anders the Paladin of Tyr (which I thought would be one of its actually useful applications), but when I used it on the halfling archer afterwards and initiated dialogue with her, she responded with "Hail Zariel!" (No, I had not discovered their secret by this point.)

This is the first time I've had Detect Thoughts do anything. I've heard it can have an effect with Kagha. Any other examples?