The solution to my problem seems to came from the user Linyao (in this same threat title is: - Definitive Edition - Crash on Launch Classic okay) , who pointed me to the nvcuda64.dll. I recently switched from a NVidea to an Radeon GPU and it seems, the nvcuda64.dll wasn't properly deleted when uninstalling the nvidea drivers. After deleting the nvcuda64.dll everything was running fine.
So thanks User Linyao, good work